Brief biography of Hesse

Born on April 26 in Alexandria, Egypt, in the family of a German merchant. During the 1st World War, Hess served on the Western Front the platoon commander in the same regiment as Hitler. He was wounded near Verden. At the end of the war, he went to serve in aviation. In he became a member of the Tula Society. Then he entered one of the units of the "Volunteer Corps" under the command of General Franz von Epp.

He studied at the University of Munich with Professor Karl Hausherofer, whose geopolitical theories made a deep impression on him. After participating in the failed "beer coup", Hess fled to Austria. Returning to Germany, he was sentenced to seven months of imprisonment, which he was serving with Hitler in the prison of Landsberg, where Hitler dictated his book Mine Campf.

In Hitler, the personal secretary of Hitler, in December, the chairman of the Central Party Commission and the deputy of the Reichstag, and on April 21 - the deputy of the party for the party. After the reorganization of Hitler’s military and political leadership on February 4, Hess became part of Comrade Privy Cabinet. At the same time, he was appointed Hitler's successor after Goering.

A special decree on him was assigned control over all the activities of the Nazi government and other state bodies. Not a single government order, not a single Reich law had the strength until Hitler or Hess signed them. Hess was entrusted with decisions on behalf of the Fuhrer, he was declared the "sovereign representative of the Fuhrer", and his office - "the office of the Fuhrer himself." The devotion of Hess Fuhrer, who raised him from the very bottom to the highest posts in the Reich, was absolute.

Submitted in himself, devoid of high intelligence and demagogic talent, Hess knew only the unconditional faith in his Fuhrer. In Hess, he said: "We proudly see that only one person remains without any criticism. Each of us feels and understands that Hitler is always right and that he will always be right." At one of the Nuremberg Party Congresses, Hess, as usual, was preceding Hitler’s performance, he said: "I was given for many years to live and work next to the greatest son of the nation, whom our people must carry after a thousand years of their history." In the UK, Hess was interned as a prisoner of war.

He appeared before the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg. During the trial, he kept simulating the loss of memory, constantly asking the judges and repeating: "I do not remember anything." Picting from himself mentally ill, Hess defiantly tried to commit suicide. At the request of the court, doctors carefully examined the defendant and concluded that his actions are "consciously intentional simulative in nature." After that, he was exhausted, broken, his deeply sitting his eyes looked indifferently into space.

The court sentenced Hess to a life imprisonment in the Berlin prison of Shpandau, where he died. The material of the Encyclopedia of the Third Reich was used.

Hitler with his deputy Rudolf Hess. Hess Hess, Rudolf r. Member of the National Socialist Party since the year. In November, one of the leaders of the fascist “beer coup” in Munich. Since the year - Hitler’s personal secretary, from April - deputy Hitler. Hess is one of the organizers of terror against anti -fascist forces, the preparation and unleashing of Germany of the 2nd World War.

In May, he arrived by plane in England. Having declared to representatives of the English government that he arrived with the proposal of peace, Hess put forward the requirements of recognition of German hegemony in Europe, the return of former German colonies in Africa, establishing German domination in some other areas and recognizing the aggressive claims of fascist Italy.

Hess hoped, apparently that he would be able to neutralize England or to persuade it to a joint struggle against the USSR. In England, Hess was interned as a prisoner of war. At the Nuremberg process of the years, he was sentenced to life imprisonment, which is serving from the year. Soviet historical encyclopedia. Volume 4. Hess Hess Rudolf Werner Richard in graduated from the Higher Commercial School in the Switzerland Neushater, with an internship in the commercial companies of Hamburg.

Member of the 1st World War. Hitler, but he was not familiar with him. He fought on the Western Front, near Verden, where from Dec. In Aug. In May, he was transferred to aviation, the last months of the war fought in the Richtgofen squadron under the command of G. He was awarded the Iron Cross of the 1st and 2nd grade and 8 for combat differences. He entered the Volunteer Corps F. participated in the overthrow of the Communist Government of Krasnaya Bavaria 1.

After demobilization, he entered the Faculty of Economics of the University of Munich, where he became close to Professor K. Khaushofer, who had a huge impact on Hess. He headed the university nationalist organization. Attracted by D. Ekcard to the Nazi movement. Hess became one of the organizers and the head of the student units of the CA. Introduced Hitler to Hausherofer. He was fond of predictions and astrology.

Published an essay “What should a person who is destined to return to Germany its past greatness?A participant in the “beer putting”, during which he commanded the student detachment of the SA. On the instructions of Hitler, he guarded the arrested ministers of the Bavarian government and therefore did not take part in the procession itself. After the failure, the putsch fled to Austria, but in April.

He fulfilled secretary duties under the Fuhrere, and had a huge impact on writing a book, many chapters of which directly reflect the personal views of Hess. Already in prison, Hess began to actually act as Hitler's personal secretary. At the end of Dec. His duties included Hitler’s presentation, the reception of visitors, in some cases - the performance instead of the Fuhrer, as well as the completion of work on Mine Kampf, was published in the fall played a huge role in creating the Fuhrer cult, as well as in the formation of Hitler's image as the highest leader of the party.

Hess taught Hitler gesticulation, prepared for important meetings of Comrade Hess became one of the closest to Hitler, in fact the "shadow of the Fuhrer." With the mediation of E. Kirdorf, he was negotiating with F. Tissen, having achieved more than 1 million marks from him in subsidies for the construction of a party residence. He led the perestroika of the “brown house” in Munich officially opened 1.

According to Hitler’s decree, he had the right to make decisions on behalf of the Fuhrer on all issues regarding the party leadership, his task was to lead the main political events, give directives and take care that the entire work of the party was carried out according to the principles of national socialism. In addition, Hess's duties were the approval of candidates for posts of the heads of official institutions and the German labor front.

During the "night of long knives" K. Reichsminizer Rudolf Hess. Electronic reproduction from the Hess and V. site, although Hess had great power, he was not adapted to bureaucratic work, and therefore his chief of staff received great power with him - M., with his help, he created an apparatus that duplicated the actions of most higher government institutions. Under the direct control of Hess, although the main levers were in the hands of Bormann, the "Adolf Hitler Foundation" was created and acted.

He considered it necessary for the successful development of Germany to establish strong friendly relations with Great Britain. In June, Hess decided to fly to England in order to achieve support from Hitler's plans. According to a number of sources, Hess made several unsuccessful attempts to fly to Scotland - at the end of April, Hess made the final decision to make a flight for negotiations with the Duke Hamilton.

Churchill refused to meet Hess. Even earlier, an attempt was made to intercept Hess’s plane and knock him over France. Contained as interned in the UK; According to the British authorities to OKT. As the main war criminal, he was involved in the court of the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg. Goering and R. Hess in the Nuremberg process. A psychiatric examination conducted during the process recognized him mentally healthy and capable, after which Hess made a statement, recognizing that he had previously simulated the loss of memory.

Sentenced to life imprisonment. He was kept in Shpandau prison in the British sector of Berlin.