Biography about Bashkortstan

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The highest point on the territory of Bashkiria is Mount Yamantau meters. The length of the republic from north to south - km. The capital of Bashkortostan is the city of Ufa. In the north, the Republic of Bashkortostan borders on the Perm Territory and the Sverdlovsk region, in the east - with the Chelyabinsk region, in the south -east, south and southwest with the Orenburg region, in the west with the Republic of Tatarstan, in the north - with the Udmurt Republic.

Bashkortostan is a land with a unique natural landscape, historical monuments, multinational population and centuries -old cultural traditions. The territory of Bashkortostan is ideal for weekends and active auto tutorism routes. The sights of Bashkortostan located at the turn of Europe and Asia, Bashkortostan is the edge with a unique natural landscape, where mountain masses are adjacent to the expanse of plains, and desert steppes get along with forest thickets.

The natural attractions of Bashkortostan are impressive: near Karst caves, the largest of which is the famous Shulgan -Tash cave; Thousands of rivers, the largest of which is the White Agidel KM and its tributaries are nugush km. The brief history of the Republic of Bashkortostan The History of Bashkortostan is as unique as its natural attractions. The history of Bashkortostan is the history of the indigenous inhabitants of the Territory of the Bashkirs, as well as those who moved to this region for 17 - 20 centuries of Russians, Tatars, Mishare, Marie, Chuvash, Udmurts, Mordovians, Ukrainians and other peoples.

The Bashkirs are one of the ancient peoples of Eurasia, formed in the Southern Urals as an independent ethnic group in the first half of the first millennium of our era. In the 10th - 13th centuries, the western part of the Bashkirs was part of the Bulgarian Khanate.

Since the 10th century, Islam has been spreading among the Bashkirs, which has become a dominant religion in the 14th century. The first battle of the Bashkirs with the Mongols occurred in the years when Genghis Khan at the head of a huge army spent summer at the Irtysh, where there were summer pastures of the Bashkirs. The confrontation of the two peoples lasted a long time. From the years, the Bashkirs continuously fought with the Mongols, actually restraining the onslaught of the Mongol invasion to the east.

The Mongolian - Bashkir war lasted 14 years while the campaign of the Mongols through Rus' took only three years. Unable to defeat the Bashkirs, the Mongols proposed to sign a peace treaty, in accordance with which the Bashkirs receive the right to Biystye, or, in other words, territorial autonomy as part of the Genghis Khan empire. In the 12th - 14th centuries, the territory of the Bashkir was part of the Golden Horde.

Since the formation of the Golden Horde, from a year to year, in the territory of today's Bashkortostan there were two “Ilya” - Bashkir and Tabynskoye, controlled by their princes - Biyi. In August, the "Battle of Peoples" took place on the territory of Bashkortostan under the Kondurche River. The battle of two world powers of that time collided in the battle: the khan of the Golden Horde Tokhtamysh and Emir Samarkand Timur Tamerlan.

The battle, ending with the defeat of the Golden Horde, put an end to the Bashkir autonomy as part of the Golden Horde. In the mid -16th century, the Bashkirs adopted Russian citizenship on the basis of an agreement with the government of Ivan the Terrible: the Russian government guaranteed the preservation of the Bashkirs of the lands occupied by them on the basis of patrimonial law, the Bashkirs, in turn, pledged to carry military service and introduce to the treasury to submit Yasak with honey and Pushnina.

As a result of the entry of Bashkortostan into the Russian state, small feudal feudal feuds ceased in the region, which, in the future, positively affected both the development of the region and an increase in the population, the Bashkirs and Russian immigrants were actively established. In the year, the future capital of Bashkortostan was founded - the city of Ufa. By the middle of the 16th century, after the collapse of the Siberian Khanate, the final entry of the territory of present Bashkortostan was held into Russia.

In the royal documents of the 16th - 17th centuries, the territory of today's Bashkortostan was designated as the “Ufa district”, which includes the Nogai, Kazan, Siberian and Osinsky roads “Darugi”. The Zauralsky Bashkirs were part of the Siberian road. The roads consisted of tribal volosts, which were divided into the birth of aimaki or tubes. In the year, the Trans -Ural part of the Bashkortostan was attributed to the newly created Iset Province, the territory of which covered the modern Kurgan, northeastern part of the Chelyabinsk, South - Tyumen, East - Sverdlovsk regions.

In the years, the Bashkirs took an active part in the largest anti -feudal movement in Russia under the leadership of Pugachev.Salavat Yulaev, the national hero of the Bashkir people, became one of the most prominent associates of Pugachev. The events of the February and October Revolutions of the beginning of the 19th century left a significant mark in the history of the Republic of Bashkortostan: in the year in Bashkortostan, a worker - a peasant national movement unfolded, demanding the recognition of their right to self -determination and proclamation of the autonomy of Bashkortostan.

The requirements of autonomy led to disagreements with the Bolsheviks, however, almost immediately after the establishment of Kolchak’s dictatorship in Omsk, the Bashkir government, which failed to ensure autonomy of the republic, went over to the side of the Soviet regime. What to see in the Republic of Bashkortostan:.