Biography of Count Grigory Orlov

Brother A. came from the nobles. He graduated from the land cadet corps, but the education received a meager. He distinguished himself during the seven -year war, when in the battle of Tsornorf, being three times wounded, he did not leave the battlefield. Upon returning to St. Petersburg, Orlov, a strong man and a brave handsome man, became one of the first figures of the palace coup to build Catherine II to the throne.

The success of this enterprise was brought by Orlov Count's title, land and monetary complaints, the rank of Major General and the title of Adjutant General. He took the position of Fieldshemer General, that is, the commander of the artillery Rus. Did not have the abilities of the state. Catherine II even wanted to marry him, but changed her mind after N. Panin: “The Empress’s order is the law for us, but who would obey Countess Orlova?

Lomonosov, contributed to the acquaintance of Catherine II with D. in brutally suppressed the“ plague riot ”in Moscow, deserved the gratitude of Ekaterina II. No. Materials of Prince. Figures of Russian history. Biographical reference. Moscow, Orlov Grigory Grigoryevich 6. Together with his brother A. Orlov, the head of the group of guards officers who conspiracy against Peter III, one of the active figures of the palace coup, which elevated Catherine II to the throne.

Personal proximity to Catherine II allowed Orlov and his brothers to take an outstanding position at court, in the army and state apparatus. After the coup of the year, Orlov became a chamberlain of the courtyard, Count, was awarded with money and estates.

In the years - Field -General of the Field Comrade Artillery of the Russian Army. In the year, he led the suppression of the "plague riot" in Moscow. In the year he headed the Russian delegation at peace negotiations with Turkey in the Fokshany. The initiator of the establishment of a free economic society and his first president. Since the year, in connection with the appearance of new favorites at the court of Catherine II - A.

Vasilchikov and G. Potemkin Orlov lost its previous influence on business. In the year he retired and went abroad. Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes. Tom Literature: Bilbasov V. studied in the land gentry corps, and then participated in the seven -year war, was wounded in the battle of Tsornorf. Later he served in artillery in S. became close to Catherine II, he was the most active participant in the coup on May 28, upon her accession to the throne, the captain of the guard was elevated to the major general and was granted by the title of the actual chamberlain and Alexander Nevsky St.

On the day of the coronation, all Orlovs were erected to the count dignity, and Gregory was also appointed Adjutant General. Subsequently, he was the general director of the engineers, the chief of the cavalry guards, General Anthef and Fielde General of the Fieldser, was awarded Andrei by Andrew the First-Called St. Along with other estates, the estates of Ropsha and Gatchina were presented to him.

Orlov was the patron saint of Lomonosov, Fonvizin and other outstanding Russian people and took part in many liberal undertakings of Catherine. Together with R. Vorontsov and I. Taubert, the librarian of the Empress, he created a society with the aim of “spreading people who are useful and necessary for agriculture and house-building,”, which was first called patriotic, then economic and, finally, free-economic.

For society, he provided his house, in which the first meeting of the oldest of all Russian scientific societies took place on June 15. Elected by the president, Orlov invited the society for the prize by study on the topic whether it is useful to give property to the peasants. He was elected to the commission deputy of Koporsky. Petersburg province. He also gave the idea of ​​the liberation of the Greeks.

He put Orlov’s pacification in the plague rebellion in the Russian-Turkish war in great merit, he did not participate, but was sent with particular solemnity to the authorized ambassador for negotiations about the world in Fokshany; The Turks delayed negotiations, and at that time A. Vasilchikov became a new favorite of Catherine, see Orlov arbitrarily returned to Petersburg.

He was ordered, without entering the capital, to settle in Gatchina. Subsequently, he appeared in St. Petersburg and outwardly reconciled with his position. The empress did not deprive him of any titles or estates, but the court and administrative influence of Orlov was lost. He married against the law of his cousin, E. Zinovieva, but Catherine not only did not approve the decision of the Empress’s council to divorce the spouses and imprison the monastery, but appointed E.

Orlov Stats-Dama. The Orlovs alternately lived in St. Petersburg and traveled abroad. In the death of his wife, Orlov fell ill with a mental disorder. Favorite and closest adviser to Empress Catherine II. He was brought to St. Petersburg and defined in the land cadet corps. Member of the Seven Years War. During the Battle of Tsornodorf, he received three injuries, but remained in the ranks, which made him popular in the officer environment.In the appointment of the final adjutant of the Swedish king Shverin; In the order of the empress, he accompanied Schverin to St.

Petersburg, where he was well met by the Grand Duke and often began to visit the Small Court. Soon Orlov was transferred to the capital, to one of the artillery regiments. In his appointed adjutant to Fielde-Fielde-Master P., he was soon promoted to captains and appointed tsalmaster of the artillery state. Orlov’s proximity to Ekaterina Alekseevna put the Orlov brothers at the head of the coup on June 28, all of them were then elevated to the count dignity, and Grigory Grigoryevich was promoted to major generals and real chamberlains, granted the Order of Alexander Nevsky and a sword decorated with diamonds.

During the coronation celebrations, he was the main manager. Having become one of the first dignitaries of the state, Orlov tried to replenish the gaps in his education, was interested in the natural sciences; He patronized M. Lomonosov, was in a correspondence with J. held the position of General Fieldshekhmeister, general director of engineers, was also the chief of the Cavalier Guard Corps.

Orlov is one of the founders of the free economic society and his first elected chairman has been dealing with the issue of improving the life of peasants since June. He participated in the commission to draw up a project of a new Code. During the Russo-Turkish war, he remained in St. Petersburg, attended a special council established on April 18 at the highest court on the occasion of the war.

The advice on which the Empress was present was going to twice a week. In order to carry out his so -called Greek project, the liberation of Greece and the Balkan countries from Turkish domination Orlov achieved the sending of three squadrons to the Mediterranean Sea under the command of A. Ha Orlov. B was sent to Moscow with extraordinary powers during an epidemic of the plague and plague rebellion.

Upon returning to St. Petersburg, after repaying the epidemic Orlov, a solemn meeting was arranged, the triumphal gates were installed in Tsarskoye Selo; A gold medal with a portrait of Orlov was knocked out. He was sent to Orlov to the peaceful congress in the Fokshany, convened with the aim of stopping the Russo-Turkish war. After the unsuccessful completion of the Congress, Orlov remained in Yassy, ​​where he learned about his removal from business and removing from the yard.

Orlov was invited to resign. At the same time, the empress offered him a number of concessions and awards, which were set forth in 14 points in the early January, Orlov left for Revel, but returned to St. Petersburg in March, appeared to the court and was accepted by the empress. In rescript with the elevation of GA. Potemkina Orlov finally lost his significance at court. In the beginning he went abroad, lived in Austria, Italy, England.

In June he married Freilin, E N.