Biography Sun

Encyclopedia Sun Yatsen was born on November 12, Canton Guangzhou in a peasant family. Thanks to his older brother, who had previously got through to Hawaii in view of the difficult financial situation in the family and the agricultural agency, livestock and trading on the island of Maui, Sun Yatsen was able to study at the English missionary school at Gonolulu, which he graduated from Portugal in the city for some time.

During this period, he met members of secret political societies advocating the overthrow of the Qing dynasty. Initially, Sun Yatsen was a supporter of the conduct of liberal reforms in China. In particular, he formulated a number of measures to improve the situation in the country, the development of transport infrastructure, improve the sphere of education, the distribution of state subsidies to agriculture, etc.

In the same year he created an underground organization of the revival of China Sihunhway, the purpose of which was the overthrow of the Manchu dynasty. In gg. The Republic of China flared up on October 10. In December, during his stay in this post, he carried out a number of democratic reforms. Freedom of printing and assemblies was proclaimed, bodily punishments were canceled, speculation was suppressed by rice.

However, on February 13 of the same year, he left a post under the pressure of the commander of the imperial army Yuan Shikay, who was soon elected president of the Chinese republic after the deposition of imperial power on February 12, Sun Yatsen founded the National Party of Homintan. This party was created as a result of the merger of several revolutionary organizations that set the goal of overthrowing the Manchu dynasty and the construction of the emperor of Chinese nationality to the throne.

Sun Yatsen transformed these societies into a political movement, the goals of which were the creation of republican China, the spread of democracy and the establishment of the economic system of the socialist type. The basis of the ideology of this movement was nationalism, democracy and popular welfare, called "three folk principles." After President Yuan Shikai suppressed the open opposition in the ranks of which were representatives of the Gomintan party, the revolutionaries again went underground.

Sun Yatsen fled to Japan. After the death of Yuan Shikay in China, it was fragmented into individual provinces and areas, which are controlled by various militaristic groups. Sun Yatsen, who returned from Japan to the city, however, already in the city of the views of Sun Yatsen had the victory of the October Revolution in Russia.

Having familiarized himself with Soviet experience, Sun Yatsen came to the conclusion that the masses play an important role in the revolutionary movement. Sun Yatsen created the Canton government and invited a group of Soviet military and political advisers to Guangzhou. They provided assistance to the Chinese republic in the creation of the revolutionary armed forces, the training of military personnel and in the reorganization of the Gomintan party.

In e gg. Its main works: “Three Popular Principles”, “Notes on the Chinese Revolution: the Program for the Construction of the State”, “Program for the Construction of the State” from three books - “Spiritual Construction”, “Material Construction” and “Public Construction” G.