Biography of Nikonov Alexander

Try the literature selection service. You can always turn off the advertisement. Alexander alexandrovich Nikonov: HIS Life and Contributions to Science The Article is devered to the History of the Life, The Creative Heritage, and the Contributions to agricultural eConomic science of the Academician and Last Chairman of the V I. Nikonov the Article Gives a Brief Bihography of the Scientist Who Was Born on the Russian Border with Lithuania.

The Article Describes The Transformation of His Views. HIS Initial Deep Belief in the Ideals of Communism was replaced by An Extremely Critical Attitude. From to, Nikonov Was the President of the Agricultural Academy. FATE SO OrDered that he WOLD Be the Last President as Well. Nikonov Left Behind a PowerFul Scientific Heritage. He is the Author of More than Scientific Works, Including 27 Books and Brochures and Journal Articles.

This Book is the Russian Encyclopedia of Agricultural Economics, and is a textbook of the firstory of agriculture in Russia. HIS Views on Agrarian Reform and His Ideas on the Organization of Agricultural Science Are Very Important. It WULD Be Fair and Useful for Scientists and Students in the Field of AgricultUral Science to Make Thexander alexandrov a Primary TextBook In Their Studies.

Krylakhny, E. Nikonov, department of the conjuncture of agrarian markets. Lenin Alexander Alexandrovich Nikonov is given a brief biography of the scientist, tells about the transformation of his views: from the original deep faith into the ideals of communism to a critical attitude to the activities of Soviet power in relation to the peasantry. He studies the economic views of Russian and foreign scientists of agrarians, calls for revising the results of the work of the Soviet government and develops his reform plan.

He owns the merit of the rehabilitation of A. Chayanov, whose ideas about cooperation, he shared and promoted. The implementation of the ideas of Chayanov and Nikonov can be found in the cooperative sector of the agriculture of modern Germany. The article analyzes in detail the main and last work of the scientist's monograph “Spiral of centuries-old drama: agrarian science and politics in Russia of the XVII-XX centuries.

In addition, he repeatedly emphasized that reforms are not a short -term action, but a long process. The main provisions that he considered as necessary for the reform became the basis of Russian agrarian policy. But his main idea is far from incarnation. First of all, he considered it necessary to give a peasant property rights and the transformation of peasant cooperation into one of the main forces of the development of the village.

Key words: A. Nikonov, A. Chayanov, the history of agrarian science, agricultural reform, agricultural cooperation, ownership of the land of the Doi: from the memoirs of A. The anniversary, is a wonderful reason to figure out what the main merits to the Russian agrarian economic science are, what is the uniqueness of the academician of Nikonov. Alexander Alexandrovich Nikonov - a native of a peasant family, was born in the year in the village of Zasikovo Vyshgorodetsky volost of the Ostrovsky district of the Pskov province now.

Zaykovo in the Pypovsky district of the Pskov region. He received a good education - first at the humanitarian gymnasium in the city Abrene, and then in Riga at the Latvian State University. At first, he sincerely believed in the ideals of communism and actively participated in its construction. In the year, being a student at the University of Latvia, Alexander Nikonov became a member of the underground Communist Party of Latvia.

In the year, when the Red Army entered the Baltic states, Nikonov established Soviet power in his native county. In M with the battalion of the Latvian volunteers, he retreated from Riga to Moscow and, with interruptions in treatment from wounds, remained at the front up to a year. Then, for two years, Alexander Alexandrovich was the first secretary of the Abransky and Dau-Gavpils party’s party committees, for another five years-the secretary of the Latvian Central Committee for Agriculture, and then worked for ten years as Minister of Agriculture of the Latvian SSR.

Considering that he did not have enough special knowledge, in the year he graduated from the Latvian Agricultural Academy with a degree in the Agronomist-Economist. His merits of the war years and subsequently achievements in science were highly appreciated: the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of the Patriotic War of the II degree, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, four orders of Lenin, two orders of the Red Banner of Labor and is difficult to list all the awards of Alexander Alexandrovich Nikonov.

Once he said that the very first reward for him is the most expensive for him - the Order of the Red Banner, which he received for a terrible battle near Moscow in December22.

The site "Library of people". Memories of Alexander Nikonov. It should be noted that since the year Nikonov, on a voluntary basis, became the editor of the county newspaper, and then - the editor and compiler of many scientific publications.Two events occurred in the year: Alexander Alexandrovich defended his thesis on “Specialization and concentration of production in the state farms of the Latvian SSR” and finally came into conflict with the first secretary of the Communist Party of Latvia A.

As a result of the year A. Nikonov went down to many steps of the party and economic hierarchy and from the Minister of Agriculture became a senior scientific officer of the economy department Latvian Research Institute of Agriculture. Later, recalling that time, Nikonov wrote: “In the fifties, I had a significant evolution of views from revolutionary romanticism with an unshakable faith in everything that was said and written towards a critical understanding of reality.

This was facilitated by the thorough analysis of what was happening in the village, and not by reports, but on the basis of systemic socio-economic study. I did not hide my views and position, expressed them in writing and orally, trying to implement them in practice. This created a confrontation atmosphere ”3. A new stage in life has begun, dedicated to agrarian economic science.

In the year, for the work “Economic Foundations of the Agricultural System”, on the example of the Stavropol Territory, he was awarded the degree of Doctor of Economic Sciences. But he again returned to an active socio-political life. This was partly affected by an accident: in the Stavropol, the party apparatus was headed by M. Gorbachev, he was the first secretary of the regional committee, who reacted with interest to the scientific views of A., many initiatives of the future transition period in the field of agriculture were born precisely in the Stavropol Research Institute.

However, the main reason for the resumption of social activity was Nikonov’s personal qualities and his active civic position, which forced him to constantly look for ways to get out of the difficult situation in which the country's agriculture was. In the year A. In the years, Niko-E. Frolov Alexander Aleksandrovich Nikonov: Life and contribution to science 3. Fate ordered so much that he turned out to be the last president of the agricultural academy.

At the same time, he led active public life, as a member and deputy chairman of the Council for Agrarian Policy under the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, a member of the Council for Agrarian Policy under the Government of the Russian Federation, represented Russia in the International Commission “Peace and Food”, which includes scientists and public figures of various countries of the world.

However, A. Nikonov never ceased to be a scientist, and his scientific interests took time. In the year, he created an agricultural institute and became its director - until the day of his tragic death in October. The period came - in the first half of the xs - when the rejection of the results of "perestroika" began to grow in society, the disappointment of the reforms intensified.

Having left the dogmatism of the Soviet regime, the Russian government in the beginning of the 10th led the country to a monstrous collapse. It was a very painful experience, and it was required to rethink everything that happened over the years. Alexander Alexandrovich, for a while practically moving away from active activity, wrote encyclopedic work with the speaking name “Spiral of centuries -old drama: the agrarian science and politics of Russia Huhh centuries.

The book was published a few days before his death. A few months after the death of Alexander Alexandrovich, in February, as a result of the merger of the Agrarian Institute and the All-Russian Research Institute of Cybernetics, the All-Russian Institute of Agrarian Problems and Informatics was formed, which was named after A. Nikonov not only in Russia by the decision of the Presidium of the Rosselkhozak-Demia: he was named after A.

Nikonov: he was awarded the title The Latvian Academy of Sciences, Honorary Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Honorary Doctor of the Latvian Agricultural University, Academician of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the GDR and some others. Nikonov left behind a powerful heritage: he owns more scientific works, including 27 books and brochures, 83 chapters and articles in books, journal articles, 23 theses of scientific reports and 24 articles with scientific problems in newspapers.

Many of them were written on the anger of the day. Nikonov, headed by the director of the Institute of the village of Petrikov, published the monograph “Academician A. Nikonov: the creative heritage and memoirs of colleagues” Petrikov, Leonov, which included the main scientific works of the founder of the institute. The contribution of Alexander Alexandrovich Nikonov to Russian agrarian economic science cannot be fully evaluated exclusively on the basis of his scientific heritage.

His uniqueness as a person was manifested in the enormous talent of the organizer. He not only analyzed the data, studied and described problems, offering ways to solve it, but also sought to take part in their decision, sometimes in a rather strict confrontation with “responsible persons”.But social activities took him a lot of time, and at the end of the journey he was completely distracted from her to focus on the most important thing-the consideration of various agrarian economic and socio-economic theories and rethinking of practice.

In the work of Alexander Alexandrovich, three main directions and three periods can be conditionally distinguished. This division into “directions” is very conditional-he was extremely “a systemic” person who consistently insisted on the need to consider and solve agricultural problems in the complex-in socio-political life, in agrarian economic theory, in the organization of the work of scientific institutions.

Nevertheless, both his life itself was divided into different types of activities and periods, and his scientific works are diverse. His publications before the beginning of the 10ths and, in general, the first direction can be called "socially applied." Its provisions are consonant with a report at the Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee “Offers for the targeted food program brief report” and a report at a conference at the International Institute for Applied System Analysis “On the role of agriculture in the construction of a developed socialist society” Luxembourg, Austria.

These speeches and articles were written even before the perestroika times of Petrikov, 57 Leonov, despite the use of the only possible Marxist-Leninist and party vocabulary in those years, Nikonov criticizes the state of affairs in agriculture in these works. He speaks of the significance of agriculture, his connection with the stability of the entire economy of the country, that “agricultural products are inhibited by the development of agriculture and the village, becomes the subject of its publications and speeches-the technical support of agriculture, the use of the machine-tractor park, the protection of soils and land reclamation, plant selection from diseases and pests and the creation of a forecasting system and response.

It attaches great importance to the search for methods for the growth of protein concentrate for the aft base; creating storage and processing systems of agricultural products. He writes about the differences between the Soviet and Western agricultural agricultural and Western agricultural agencies, but at the same time he already formulates other priorities- “it is necessary to carry out measures for a more decisive development of personal subsidiary plots, develop and implement a special program for these purposes” and carefully adds using the sabbatting inclination- “the products of personal subsidiary plots should be included in the plans of the agricultural enterprises” in the same place: and then proposes the whole A number of measures that, in combination, could significantly increase the technical equipment of personal farms, their provision with feed, animals, etc.

In parallel in the same period of time A.