Academician Pontryagin Biography

Lev Pontryagin was born on August 21 on September 3 in Moscow. Father Pontryagin - Semyon Akimovich Mind. Mother is Tatyana Andreevna, before the marriage of Petrova, mind. At the age of 14, Lev lost his vision as a result ... An accident, an exploding primus caused a strong face of face. His very life was so in a serious danger that they did not immediately pay attention to his eyes.

An attempt to return the vision of the subsequent surgical operation caused a severe inflammation of the eyes and led to complete blindness. For Semyon Pontryagin, the tragedy of his son became a life disaster, he quickly lost his ability to work. The last years of his life, he was disabled and died in the year from a stroke. After the death of her wife, Tatyana Pontryagina devoted herself to her son.

Without having any special mathematical education, she, together with her son, took up the study of mathematics, along with him she went on preparations for admission to the university, and after enrolling in the year she helped her son-studio. So Tatyana Pontryagina learned the German language and sometimes read a lot of pages a day for special scientific articles in German.

Thanks to maternal care, with complete blindness, Leo Pontryagin graduated from high school and received higher education at the mathematical department of the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Moscow University in the year. Pontryagin’s classmate was indicative of the following case, according to the memoirs of A., graduating from the university, Leo Pontryagin entered two -year graduate school to P.

Leo Pontryagin began his scientific work very early, at the age of eighteen, being a second -rate student of the university. In the year, academic degrees and titles were restored in the USSR, and without the protection of the highest certification commission, the degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences was awarded and in the same year he was approved in the rank of professor.

The principle of his scientific work, Pontryagin chose one statement by A. Poincare quoting him from memory: “To understand someone else's mathematical work means feeling it as if done by ourselves.” The election of Leo Pontryagin is significant by a member of the Moscow Mathematical Society, which occurred at a very young age. According to the rules, in order to be elected, it was necessary to make a report at a meeting of the society.

In the beginning of the x, P. Alexandrov, the supervisor of Pontryagin, made him such an offer. One of his many works was chosen, and its name was included in the agenda of the meeting. Pontryagin considered a report on society for a great honor and began to carefully prepare for it.

It turned out that in the evidence of the result there is a mistake. After a day, her searches, Pontryagin, came into complete despair; He called Alexandrov and reported his misfortune. He said: “Nothing. We will change the name of the report, and you will tell you another job. ” An hour after that, the error of Pontryagin was fixed, the work was reported at a meeting of the company, and he became a member of the MMO.

Pontryagin took up applied sections of mathematics, in his own words, to a large extent “for ethical reasons”, believing that his products should find use in solving the vital problems of society. The choice of specific applications occurred for about a year, after meeting with the young physicist A. Andronov, who turned to Pontryagin with a proposal to begin joint scientific work. He spoke about Poincare's maximum cycles, about recurrent trajectories and that all this has practical applications truth, he did not tell anything about the practical applications themselves.

After that, Pontryagin began to regularly study the work of A. Poincare, J. Birkhof, M. Morse with the works of the latter, he was familiar with others before. In a small group, Leo Pontryagin and his colleagues gathered in his apartment and read these authors. This continued up to a year when gathering in groups in apartments became dangerous. Under the influence of A.

Andronov Pontryagin, for one year, part -time became an employee of the Institute of Physics and did work about dynamic systems close to the Hamiltonov, which had application. From this four -page article, an extensive theory of dynamic systems has now grown. Made a significant contribution to algebraic and differential topology, theory of vibrations, variational calculus, and management theory.

In the theory of management, Pontryagin is the creator of the mathematical theory of optimal processes, which is based on t. The work of the School of Pontryagin had a great influence on the development of the theory of management and variational calculus around the world. The students of Pontryagin are famous mathematicians D. Anosov, V. Boltyansky, R. Gamkrelidze, M. Zelikin, E. Mishchenko, M.

Postnikov, N. Rozov, V. Rokhlin and V. The number of his teachers Pontryagin was included by Academician I. Detailed biography.