Biography of Glushkov

So the Soviet caricaturists represented the computer future of the car unknown Viktor Mikhailovich Glushkov was born on August 24 in Rostov-on-Don. Mikhail Ivanovich said that his ancestor was the adjutant of Ataman Platov, distinguished himself during the Battle of Borodino, and in the year Esaul Glushkov entered a horse into Paris. The emperor granted him the estate and the nobility that his descendants lost, because the only daughter secretly married a simple Cossack and fled to him to the Don.

The Glushkov family moved to the city of mines. Mikhail Ivanovich was offered the position of mining engineer at the Artem Mine. Viktor Glushkova’s daughter Vera Viktorovna recalled that when her father was still very small, his grandmother Efimiya Petrovna at the age of 53 mastered a letter to read her grandson children's books:-But in four and a half years, dad learned to read, and literature-artistic and popular science-became his hobby.

Victor was a child prodigy: once for the summer school holidays he independently learned a university course of mathematics and algebra, made a tram model of a tram, a home phone, a photo -enhancer, and even, according to the daughter of Vera, a television receiver managed by a short -wave transmitter. According to Vera Viktorovna, her father could reconfigure poetry for memory for ten hours.

He was not a very strong physique. To become strong and dexterous, he was engaged in volleyball, boxing, skiing, swimming. Victor graduated from school in mines in the year, graduation ball - June 21. As Vera said in one interview, “Dad returned home in the morning, turned on the radio assembled with his father and from the German radio station learned that fascist Germany attacked the USSR.

Together with his friends he went to the military enlistment office, asked to send him to the artillery school. The father had poor vision minus so that dad did not get to the front. Glushkova Sr. was sent to evacuation with a technical school, whose teacher he was. Victor and Mother Vera Lvovna left the city when, in the summer of the year, during the attack on Stalingrad, the Nazis approached the mines.

Grandmother and dad got to the crossing of the Don River and stumbled there on the broken German tanks. I had to turn home. My grandmother became a participant in the underground, and dad gathered several receivers for underground. During the occupation, there was a terrible tragedy in my father’s life: the Nazis shot his mother. Someone gave the enemy that she was a deputy of the city council.

The fact that the Nazis arrested Vera Lvovna, Victor learned from the neighbors. They met him on the street, reported this news and said that it was dangerous to go home. Dad was hiding in one of the abandoned buildings, at night he went to the fields to extract frozen potatoes. Gestapo sneaked up to the building, hoping that he was lucky to see his mother. Only when the city was released did he learn that it was shot.

I was named in her honor. " Arriving in the mines, Victor regularly went to the memorial, laid flowers. Institute of Cybernetics. Viktor Glushkov wrote: “At first I decided to go to Moscow. However, having arrived there, I realized that it was a hopeless business - they did not take visitors to the university. I had to return. " In fact, they did not take the occupation to the university.

Victor entered the Novocherkassk Industrial Institute for the Heat Engineering Department. It was there that he met his Valya. Here is what his daughter Vera told in this subject: - They studied together at the Novocherkassk Industrial Institute. You know, the father was a brilliant storyteller and interlocutor. That won the heart of my mother Valentina. It so happened that they broke up for a long period.

After the fourth year, Victor wanted to transfer to the University of Rostov. To do this, he should have passed 25 exams and tests there. I did not have time to do this in one day. The teachers went home, and the father was looking for them around the city. He found professors of astronomy when he stood in line to cheat bread cards, and pulled him an exam right there. There were no places in the hostel of Rostov University, so Victor was allowed to prepare the thesis at home, in mines.

He went there, and the connection with Valentina was interrupted. A year later, she herself wrote a letter to him. Dad came to her and clearly placed the accents: “I know that I will devote all the time to science. Therefore, I need a wife who will take care of the house. If you, Valya, agree to this, marry me. ” They had two children - my sister Olga and me. An important detail-Glushkov wrote a diploma at the University of Rostov under the leadership of the legendary Dmitry Dmitrievich Morduhai-Boltovsky.

In the year, Victor and his wife went by distribution to the Urals - to the Sverdlovsk Forestry Institute. There, the young scientist first worked on the candidate, and then on his doctoral dissertation. Valentina became the head of the Sverdlovenergo emergency service, received a high salary, had an official car with a driver.When Viktor Mikhailovich found a solution to one of the problems of Hilbert Gulya on the military Georgian road and in the year defended his doctoral dissertation at Moscow State University, he was offered a choice of work in Moscow, Leningrad or Kyiv.

Valentina said: "I want to the south." So the family was in Kyiv. In Kyiv, Glushkov became the head of the laboratory of computing technology of the Institute of Mathematics. He taught at the University of Kiev at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics. Information was entered using an electronic pen, which was written on the screen. The Soviet Union was under American sanctions - IBM had to be bought for study bypass ways.

Benjamin Peters in his book about the Soviet Internet writes that employees of the institute knew how to have fun: by the New Year's party of the year, employees came up with Cybertonia - a virtual country in which the Robot Council rules. In the year, children were distributed to the country's passports, on the cover of which a robot playing a saxophone was depicted. In Komsomolskaya Pravda they will later write: “His path to science was so brilliant and rapid that he could become the subject of a special study for both a sociologist and a psychologist.” Glushkov allocated an office apartment in Moscow, because he went there every week.

Olga Viktorovna said: “Father traveled almost the whole world, was in all industrialized countries, in the years he headed the UN Commission on the computerization of developing countries and had an office in New York, entered the program committees of many international conferences, and himself spoke at conferences, congresses and other events. IBM leaders invited him to make lectures in the United States and offered to take a high position in the field of research and development.

” Glushkov refused. Digital communism. In the year, a group of military engineer Anatoly Kitova developed one of the fastest computers in the world - “M”. In a year, in a letter in the name of Khrushchev, Kitov presented the project “Red Book”, which provided for the creation of a unified state network of computing centers in the USSR, which would unite the Army and the national economy.

Like, during the day - the army, and at night - the national economy. The secret commission recognized Kitov’s ideas to harmful the military outraged how they could share their resources with civilians, the engineer was excluded from the party. The ideas of Kitov influenced Glushkov. By his own admission, he learned about how computers work and what they can, from A.

Kitov’s book “Electronic Digital Machines”, which appeared at the beginning of the year.

For the first time, Glushkov proposed a nationwide automated system for accounting and processing the information of the OGAS another year. According to his ideas, it was a network with a computer center in Moscow, medium -level centers - in other large cities and up to 20 local terminals in economically significant places. For communication, an existing telephone network should have been used.

Each terminal could interact with any other. When Glushkov’s project was submitted in the year, the leadership of the CSU spoke out against him. The creation of the OGAS allowed to convict this department in distorting statistical reporting and opened up the possibility of penetration into its secrets. Meanwhile, it became known that “the Americans have made an outline design of the information network in the year and for a year planned the“ start of the ARPANET network ” - the predecessor of the Internet.

Glushkov, - we were worried with us. " Kirillina created a new commission with the participation of the Minister of Finance, the Minister of Instrument Engineering. She was supposed to prepare a draft decision to create an OGAS. During this time, Soviet computing equipment came into some decline. The American Control Data Corporation was involved in the design of the new computer network - the Americans signed a summer contract with the Soviet government.

In the United States by that time, Arpanet had existed for four years - a distributed communication system in case of a nuclear conflict, then Arpanet developed as a system of exchanging scientific information. There was no money for Ogas. Glushkov considered Ogas as the only opportunity for the further development of the country. The most important economic decisions could be made on the ground.

Authorized users in the regions could further contact each other directly, without permission from the central nodes of the network. I must say that Glushkov was a member of the CPSU Central Committee for a very long time, was entered into the members of the Politburo, held actually ministerial positions, but he could not combine the interests of individual departments of the country of Soviets.

Tentatively, the project cost was estimated at 20 billion rubles. But our grief economists were confused by Kosygin. We were set aside, began to treat wary.