N in Sklifosovo biography

The introduction of Nikolai Vasilievich Sklifosovsky is one of the most famous, skillful and active doctors and scientists of Russia. His whole life was dedicated to medicine, the discoveries made by Nikolai Vasilyevich moved it forward, and operations carried out by Sklifosovsky with amazing skill saved a large number of lives. I consider him an example of a true doctor - a person devoted to his work, fearless, bold in search of new ways of treatment, sensitive in relations with patients and students.

It is not accidental that the Ambulance Research Institute of Emergency Infers its name-the salvation of lives and health, the discovery of new methods of conducting operations carried out by this research institute was the goal of Nikolai Vasilyevich, whose life serves as evidence of the existence of the best human qualities-selflessness, devotion and compassion, so I chose the life and work of this person as a topic for my study.

A brief biography of N. Sklifosovsky’s childhood was born on March 25, on a farm near the town of Duborossa of the Kherson province in a poor noble family. According to the preserved statistics of that time, it is known that of the children born, it died at the age of one year. In such a difficult time, N. was born in the family 12 children, Nikolai was the ninth child.

Father barely made ends meet. Literally lived in the starvation. But honesty, conscientiousness, fulfillment of their duty was inherent in the family to everyone. In the year, during the outbreak of cholera and typhoid, the father carried out important instructions related to measures to eliminate them. But at the same time, he paid attention to the family and children.

They reached for knowledge. Father himself taught them literacy, introduced them to reading, but he had no thought to dream of giving education, especially the highest. At the outpost, among the military ministers during the epidemic were Russian doctors who paid attention to the curious Nikolai. Need forced her parents to give part of the children to the children's shelter of the city of Odessa, where Nikolai was brought up.

Mother's stories about the work of his father during the cholera epidemic instilled in him a love of medicine. The young man’s dream was the admission to the medical faculty. In the city of Sklifosovsky he entered the Moscow University "On state -owned content." In the year he graduated from the Medical Faculty of Moscow University and began clinical practice. The doctor of medicine received the degree of medicine in Kharkov in the year for the dissertation "On the Blood Podomatomatic Tumor." This business trip allowed N.

Sklifosovsky to get acquainted with surgical schools and directions in the advanced countries of Europe. Sklifosovsky - head of the faculty surgical clinic of Moscow University, Dean of the Faculty of Medicine. Sklifosovsky, operations, first performed by Sklifosovsky, one of the first, Nikolai Vasilievich began to produce laparotomy, ovariotomy - these operations laid the foundation for the development of "abdominal" surgery.

Of particular interest is the Sklifosovsky statement about the harmful effects of the cooling of the naked surface of the peritoneum and gross manipulations during surgery. According to him, the cooling causes a reflex to the vasomotor nerves of the abdominal cavity, which leads to cooling the limbs and the entire surface of the body, as well as the blue mucous membranes and a weak threaded pulse, which can cause the patient's death.

Sklifosovsky pointed out that operations with the opening of the abdominal cavity should be carried out in rooms with an air temperature of at least degrees, and the surgeon should be treated carefully and not allowed to injure them with the patient's tissues. Sklifosovsky, among the first surgeons, produced gastrostomy on March 8. In articles published on this issue, Sklifosovsky analyzes in detail the testimony and contraindications for this operation, and also dwells on the details of the operation: the difficulties of finding the stomach, imposing a double seam, and the operation in 1 reception.

With the activity of Sklifosovsky in Russia, surgery of the liver and biliary tract was born. Among the first, he began to operate on the gall bladder. In the article “Perfect Cholecystomy”, published in the newspaper “Doctor” for the year, N. Sklifosovsky describes in detail the indications and contraindications for surgical interventions for diseases of the gallbladder and ducts.

Sklifosovsky put a marine between the gall bladder and the small intestine, proving the possibility of bile flowing into the intestines, bypassing the outlet bile duct. In the year, I. Spijarny at a meeting of the surgical society named after Pirogov announced the case when the echinococcal liver of the liver opened into the bronchi of the right lung. In this case, Sklifosovsky for the first time carried out a misunderstanding approach to a tumor with a resection of the rib and provided a wide drain drainage after opening.

Sklifosovsky belongs to a great merit in the development of technique of operations on the bladder. The top of the bladder, carried out for the first time Franco in the year, was considered too dangerous way to conduct operations. Sklifosovsky proved the advantage of this method over others, described in detail the course of the operation and the technique of imposing the seam.The top opening of the bladder, followed by the imposition of the seam by the method of N.

Sklifosovsky, for a long time remained the main type of operation for stones and tumors of the bladder. One of the works of Sklifosovsky describes 4 cases of language removal with total cancer. Surgeons did not perform a similar operation at that time, fearing severe bleeding and difficulties of approaching the root of the tongue. Nikolai Vasilievich developed a new surgical access to the root of the tongue with preliminary ligation of the arteries in the Pirogov triangle on both sides, which makes the operation a bloodless one.

He also pays attention to the technique of removing the language - dissecting the integration of the neck, the subordinate separation of the muscles of the bottom of the oral cavity, etc. Sklifosovsky, among the first operations, was carried out by the surge of the goiter, which laid the foundation for the development of thyroid surgery. Sklifosovsky developed and proposed an apparatus of a special design, which allows to maintain anesthesia throughout the operation - the resection of the upper jaws during cancer.

By operating on the upper jaw during congenital splitting of a solid sky, Sklifosovsky first used local anesthesia with a solution of cocaine. The outstanding innovation of N. Sklifosovsky is the method of operation on the bones in the false joints in the literature this method entered the “Russian Castle” or “Sklifosovsky Castle”. In order to hold the ends of the femur in the place of the fracture in their direct contact, the middle -sized cut of both ends of the bone is made, then at the end of the first cut the second cut is made in the transverse direction; Drown halves are removed, and surfaces at the ends come into contact with each other.

They are fixed with metal seams. Sklifosovsky Peru N. Sklifosovsky belongs to more scientific works devoted to the most diverse sections of surgery: and gynecology that was at that time was the surgery and only began to practically dissolve from it; N. Sklifosovsky devoted a dissertation and a number of works to this section; b new methods of operations, for the first time used in Russia, zoba, gastrostostomy, cholecystostomy, a seam of the bladder, resection of the brain hernia; in bone and bone plastic surgery: resection of joints, jaws, operations for false joints; g issues of military field surgery.

A brief list of works by N. Sklifosovsky: "On the blood perimatoral tumor." Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Medicine, Odessa,; Scientific articles: “On the question of Pirogovsky osteoplastic took the lower leg”, “Military Medical Journal”, May; "On the wound of the peritoneum", ibid., July; “From observations during the Slavic war. Transportation from the battlefield of the wounded.

Our hospital case is in war ”, ibid.,; “Gastrostostomy in the narrowing of the esophagus”, ibidable,; “Cutting the tongue after preliminary ligation of the lingual arteries”, “doctor”,; “Is it possible to excise the abdominal press Pressum abdominale in humans. The use of iodoform in surgery ”, ibid.,; “The seam of the bladder with a hanger section”, ibid.,; “Exception of the liver tumor”, ibidable,; “Brain hernia.

Removing a bag of brain hernia with cutouts ”,“ Chronicle of a surgical society in Moscow ”[4] Participation of N. Sklifosovsky in the implementation of advanced methods and treatment techniques, Sklifosovsky, among the first, applied antiseptic, and then aseptic, warmly promoted antiseptic in academic societies and at the congresses. Nikolai Vasilievich contributed to the spread and popularization of the resection of the stomach.

Students admired his skillful techniques in the study of patients or in performing very complex operations in hard -to -reach areas. Sklifosovsky willingly taught students to various technical techniques of research and the rules for the care of surgical patients. At the same time, he always emphasized the need to strictly protect the patient’s psyche from excessive unrest, especially at the time of the examination, but not to the detriment of clarifying the nature of the disease itself.

Sklifosovsky advised his students: "Cut only what you see." In one of the reports, there are such words: “Professor Sklifosovsky, the basis of operational technology, puts mainly 2 positions - to cut out only what you see or can touch quite clearly, and then do any cross section on the basis of an anatomy knowledge.” Attitude to the sick: he knew how to arrange the sick, causing them to a feeling of boundless trust and faith in medicine.

He, modest and demanding of himself, is always sensitive and responsive, knew how to educate these qualities with his students. He did not like rudeness or liberties in relation to the patient. A strictly business atmosphere reigned in the clinic. He did not humiliate anyone, did not touch, always turned exquisitely politely, emphasizing his respect for a person, regardless of his position.

Relations with students: Nikolai Vasilievich devoted his free time to practical work with students. For example, in days free from lectures, or on Sundays, he made a detour of patients with students. At the same time, the curators present at the bypass were required to report on their patients. Sklifosovsky emphasized the advantage of Russian students, during his studies who mastered the skills of communication with patients, over foreign, who met in patients only at lectures.

The clinic of Sklifosovsky was a favorite place of students: they could independently dress their patient, assist in operations, and carry night shifts. The students of Sklifosovsky: from those who graduated from Nikolai Vasilievich, many scientific and practical figures in the field of surgery came out: Spizhornaya, Sarychev, Yakovlev, Dobrothelsky, Chuprov, Sakharov, Vilga, Reslyakov, Kormilov, Yanovsky, Krasintsev and others.

Sklifosovsky participated in 4 large wars in Europe as an ordinary surgeon and consultant of hospitals. Sklifosovsky participated in hostilities since the year of the Austro-Prussian war. As a young doctor, he joined the ranks of the army to study the military field surgery. The result of his stay in this war was an article published in the Medical Herald for a year - "Note to observations during the last German war of the year." In the year, Nikolai Vasilievich was appointed consultant in surgery in one of the lasarets of the Red Cross in Montenegro, where he stayed for 4 months.

He set out his memoirs in his work published in the Military Medical Journal for the year under the name "from observations during the Slavic War of the Year." Of great interest are the observations of Sklifosovsky over the course of firearms of the abdominal and chest cavity organs. An important fact marked by Sklifosovsky is not all gunshot damage to the chest are life -threatening.

He notes that such injuries are dangerous in cases of fragmentation of the bone and the penetration of fragments into the bullet canal, since fragments of the ribs with force are introduced into the pulmonary tissue, destroy it and determine the development of suppuration - empyema. The presence of pouring blood in the pleural cavity complicates the course of the wound process and accelerates the formation of inflammatory phenomena.

Piotorax Sklifosovsky describes this: “Hemoptysis is found directly behind the wound of the chest, a picture of the outpouring of blood in the chest cavity occurs. A few days later, a feverish state is shown and a picture of purulent accumulation in the chest develops. ” It indicates that the appearance of pus in the chest is associated with the nature of a gunshot wound and those complications that determine the development of infection.

Sklifosovsky attached great importance for the favorable outcome of breast injuries to the creation of rest to the wounded.